Charles Montagu, 1st Duke Of Manchester
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Charles Edward Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester, (''previously'' 4th Earl of Manchester) (20 January 1722) was a British aristocrat and statesman.


Early life

Charles was born into the Noble House of Montagu. He was the eldest son of the former Anne Yelverton and
Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester JP (baptised 25 April 1634 – 14 March 1683) was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1671 when he inherited the peerage as Earl of Manchester. Early life Mont ...
. Revised by Matthew Kilburn as of May 2010. Among his siblings were Lady Anne Montagu (wife of
James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (disambiguat ...
) and politicians the Hon. Robert Montagu and the Hon.
Heneage Montagu Heneage Montagu (16 November 1675 – April 1698) was a younger son of Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester and Anne Yelverton. He was a knight of the shire from Huntingdonshire Huntingdonshire (; abbreviated Hunts) is a non-metropolitan ...
, both MPs for
Huntingdonshire Huntingdonshire (; abbreviated Hunts) is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire and a historic county of England. The district council is based in Huntingdon. Other towns include St Ives, Godmanchester, St Neots and Ramsey. The popu ...
. After his father's death in 1683, his mother married
Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, (16 April 1661 – 19 May 1715), was an English statesman and poet. He was the grandson of the 1st Earl of Manchester and was eventually ennobled himself, first as Baron Halifax in 1700 and later as Earl ...
. His paternal grandparents were
Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, KG, KB, FRS (16025 May 1671) was an important commander of Parliamentary forces in the First English Civil War, and for a time Oliver Cromwell's superior. Early life He was the eldest son of Henry M ...
and his second wife
Lady Anne Rich Anne Montagu, Viscountess Mandeville (born Lady Anne Rich; 1604 – 14 February 1642), was the daughter of Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick, an English colonial administrator who opposed the policies of Charles I prior to the English Civil War ...
(a daughter of
Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (5 June 158719 April 1658), Lord of the Manor of Hunningham,Hunningham, in A History of the County of Warwick: Vol. 6, Knightlow Hundred, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1951), pp. 117–120. was an English colonial ad ...
). His maternal grandparents were
Sir Christopher Yelverton, 1st Baronet Sir Christopher Yelverton, 1st Baronet (27 March 1602 – 4 December 1654) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1648. Yelverton was the son of Henry Yelverton, a lawyer, and his wife Margaret Beale, daughter of R ...
of
Easton Maudit Easton Maudit is a small village and civil parish in rural Northamptonshire. It takes its name from the Maudit (or Mauduit) family who purchased the estate at what was then just Easton, in 1131. There was no residential landowner in the village u ...
and Anne Twysden (daughter of
Sir William Twysden, 1st Baronet Sir William Twysden, 1st Baronet (1566–1628) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1593 and 1628. Life Twysden was the son of Roger Twysden, of Roydon Hall, East Peckham, and his wife Anne Wyatt, dau ...
). He was educated at
Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge or Oxford. ...
, and succeeded to his father's earldom in 1683. Warmly sympathizing with the Whig revolution of 1688, he attended
William William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
and
Mary Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also calle ...
at their coronation, and fought under William at the Boyne.


Career

In 1697, he was sent as an
Envoy Envoy or Envoys may refer to: Diplomacy * Diplomacy, in general * Envoy (title) * Special envoy, a type of diplomatic rank Brands *Airspeed Envoy, a 1930s British light transport aircraft *Envoy (automobile), an automobile brand used to sell Br ...
to
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...
to try to procure the release of British sailors, but the Venetians proved unwilling to negotiate. On his return in 1698, he was appointed a privy councillor. The following year he was sent as English Ambassador to France, remaining there until the outbreak of
war War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...
in 1701. He was then briefly appointed Secretary of State for the Southern Department, a post he held between January and May 1702. He was then out of office until again sent to Venice, as Ambassador, but during his time there in 1707 and 1708, this negotiations (to persuade Venice to adhere to the Grand Alliance) were again unsuccessful. In 1714, he received an appointment in the household of
George I George I or 1 may refer to: People * Patriarch George I of Alexandria (fl. 621–631) * George I of Constantinople (d. 686) * George I of Antioch (d. 790) * George I of Abkhazia (ruled 872/3–878/9) * George I of Georgia (d. 1027) * Yuri Dolgor ...
, by whom on 28 April 1719 he was created
Duke of Manchester Duke of Manchester is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the current senior title of the House of Montagu. It was created in 1719 for the politician Charles Montagu, 4th Earl of Manchester. Manchester Parish in Jamaica was named afte ...
. In 1719, he was one of the main subscribers to the Royal Academy of Music, a corporation that produced
baroque opera Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a ...
on the stage. He also served as High Steward of the University of Cambridge from 1697 to 1722.


Personal life

On 19 February 1690, Lord Manchester was married the Hon. Doddington Greville (1671–1720). She was a daughter of
Robert Greville, 4th Baron Brooke The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...
of Beauchamps Court and Anne (née Doddington) Greville (who married
Thomas Hoby Sir Thomas Hoby (1530 – 13 July 1566) was an English diplomat and translator. Early life Hoby was born in 1530. He was the second son of William Hoby of Leominster, Herefordshire, by his second wife, Katherine, daughter of John Forden. He was ...
after the death of Lord Brooke in 1676). Together, they were the parents of: * Lady Doddington Montagu (–1774), who died unmarried. *
William Montagu, 2nd Duke of Manchester William Montagu, 2nd Duke of Manchester, KB (April 1700 – 21 October 1739) was the son of Charles Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester, and his wife, Dodington Greville, daughter of Robert Greville, 4th Baron Brooke of Beauchamps Court. He married ...
(1700–1739), who married Lady Isabella Montagu, a daughter of
John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, (1690 – 5 July 1749), styled Viscount Monthermer until 1705 and Marquess of Monthermer between 1705 and 1709, was a British peer. Life Montagu was an owner of a coal mine. Montagu went on the grand tour wi ...
and Lady Mary Churchill (the youngest surviving daughter of
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reign ...
). * Lady Charlotte Montagu (1705–1759), who married
Pattee Byng, 2nd Viscount Torrington Pattee Byng, 2nd Viscount Torrington, (25 May 169923 January 1747), was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1723 to 1733 when he succeeded to the peerage as Viscount Torrington. His career included servic ...
, the eldest son of
George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington Admiral of the Fleet George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, (27 January 1663 – 17 January 1733), of Southill Park in Bedfordshire, was a Royal Navy officer and statesman. While still a lieutenant, he delivered a letter from various captains ...
. *
Robert Montagu, 3rd Duke of Manchester Robert Montagu, 3rd Duke of Manchester ( – 10 May 1762) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1734 until 1739 when he succeeded to the peerage as Duke of Manchester. Early life Montagu was the son of Charles Montagu, 1 ...
(–1762), who married Harriet Dunch, daughter and co-heiress of Edmund Dunch. He died on 20 January 1722.


Ancestry


See also

*
List of deserters from James II to William of Orange This is a list of the members of the British nobility and gentry, who in 1688 deserted King James II and pledged their allegiances to Prince William of Orange, as the events of the Glorious Revolution unfolded. *Admiral Matthew Aylmer, who pla ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manchester, Charles Montagu, 1st Duke of 1660s births 1722 deaths Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge British Secretaries of State Diplomatic peers Charles 1 Ambassadors of England to France Lord-Lieutenants of Huntingdonshire Members of the Privy Council of England Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain Charles Montagu, 01st Duke of Manchester Williamite military personnel of the Williamite War in Ireland Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Republic of Venice 17th-century English diplomats 18th-century diplomats Members of the Kit-Kat Club